Glossary of Proper Nouns
Chinese Personal Names
| Terms | Chinese | Korean | Explanation | Another Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yuan Shao | 袁紹 |
원소 (위안사오) |
(d. 202 CE). One of the most powerful warlords who once controlled North China during the civil war in the late Eastern Han period. | 소(Shao 紹), 원(Yuan 袁) |
| Yuan Shikai | 袁世凱 |
원세개 (위안스카이) |
Yuan Shikai(袁世凱, 1859~1916) was an important general and politician during the later period of the Qing Dynasty and first official President of the Republic of China. In 1915 he restored the monarchy in China, with himself as the Hongxian Emperor(洪憲皇帝). Faced with growing domestic and foreign opposition, he eventually resigned in 1916. | 세개(世凱), 원모(袁某), 원사마(袁司馬), 원세개(袁世凱), 원장(袁將), 원총리(袁總理) |
| Yuan Shizong (Emperor Shizong) [Qubilai] | 元世宗[元世祖] |
원세종[원세조] (위안스쭈[쿠빌라이]) |
Refer to Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty(元世祖). | 세종(世宗) |
| Yuan Shizu (Emperor Shizu) [Qubilai] | 元世祖 |
원세조 (위안스쭈[쿠빌라이]) |
Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty(元世祖), Qubilai Khan(r. 1260~1294), was the founder of the Yuan Dynasty. He conquered the Southern Song and established Mongol rule over a unified China. He was the second son of Tolui, Chinggis Khan's youngest son and Sorqaqtani Beki, a Kereyid princess. He succeeded his older brother Möngke as Khagan in 1260, but he had to defeat his younger brother Ariq Böke in a succession war that lasted until 1264. In 1271, he established the Yuan Dynasty. He overcame the last resistance of the Southern Song dynasty in 1279, making himself the first non-Chinese Emperor to conquer all of China. | 세조(世祖), 세조황제(世祖皇帝), 쿠빌라이 칸(Qubilai Khan) |
| Yuan Shuai | 袁帥 |
원수 (위안솨이) |
Refers to Yuan Chonghuan 袁崇煥; see Yuan Chonghuan 袁崇煥 | 숭환(崇煥), 원경략(袁經略), 원숭환(袁崇煥), 원 군문(袁軍門) |
| Yuan Shundi (Shun Emperor) [Emperor Huizong, Togon-temür] | 元順帝 |
원순제 (위안순디,[후이쭝,토곤테무르]) |
Emperor Shun of Yuan (順帝, 1320-1370) was the 11th emperor of the Yuan Dynasty and the last Khagan of the Mongol Empire. During the last years of his reign, the Mongols lost effective control over China to the Ming Dynasty. After the fall of Shangdu(上都) to Ming troops in 1369, he transferred the capital city to the north and died the next year. | 순제(順帝), 혜종(惠宗), 토곤 테무르 |
| Yuan Taizu (Emperor Taizu) [Chinggis Khan, Temüjin] | 元太祖 |
원태조 (위안타이쭈[칭기스칸,테무진]) |
Chinggis Khan(1162?~1227) was the founder of the Mongol Empire. He was the eldest son of Yisügei and a member of the Borjigid lineage. When his father was killed by the Tatars around 1180, he was only 12 years old. At first he entered into a subordinate partnership with the Khan of the Kereyit, Toghril, who had allegedly been an ally of his father. He successively overthrew Tatar, benefactor Kereyit, Merkit and other tribes. In 1206 he held a great assembly(Quriltai) on the Onon River, where he was acclaimed as Chinggis Khan, the ruler of the "Great Mongol Empire". After that he continued military campaigns, conquering the Western Xia(西夏), Jin(金), Kara-Khitan Khanate(西遼) and Khwarezmian Empire. He died in 1227, on the eve of the fall of the Western Xia. | 철목진(鐵木眞), 테무진(Temüjin) |
| Yuan Tiangang | 袁天綱 |
원천강 (위안톈강) |
Yuan Tiangang(袁天綱, ?-?) was an official and eminent physiognomist in the Sui and Tang period. When Empress Wu Zetian(則天武后) visited him in male clothes, he foretold that she would be the lord of the world if she were female. | 원천강(袁天綱) |
| Yuan Wenzong (Emperor Wenzong), [Jayaatu Khan, Tugh Temür] | 元文宗 |
원문종 (위안원쭝[자야아투칸,투그테무르]) |
Emperor Wenzong (元文宗, 1304-1332) was the 8th Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty and the 12th Great Khan of the Mongol Empire. He was the son of Emperor Wuzong of the Yuan Dynasty(元武宗). He sponsored many cultural activities and enjoyed writing poetry, painting, and reading classics. | 문종(文宗), 자야아투 칸(Jayaatu Khan), 투그 테무르(Tugh Temür) |
| Yuan Wuzong (Emperor Wuzong) [Külüg Khan, Khayishan] | 元武宗 |
원무종 (위안우쭝[쿨룩칸,카이산]) |
Emperor Wuzong of Yuan Dynasty(元武宗, 1281-1311) was the third Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty and the seventh Great Khan of the Mongol Empire. He defeated Khaidu and his followers and strenthened the suzerainty of the Yuan Dynasty over the whole Mongol Empire. Also he is regarded as the most steppe-oriented Khagan of the Yuan Dyansty in the fourteenth century . | 무종(武宗), 쿨룩 칸(Külüg Khan), 카이산(Khayishan, 海山) |