Glossary of Proper Nouns
Chinese Personal Names
| Terms | Chinese | Korean | Explanation | Another Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ming Yan Wang | 明燕王 |
명연왕 (밍옌왕) |
See Ming Chengzu 明成祖. | 연왕(燕王) |
| Ming Yingzong | 明英宗 |
명영종 (밍잉쭝) |
(1427-1464 CE; r. 1435-1449, 1457-1464). The sixth and eighth emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Personal name Zhu Qizhen (朱祁鎮). The first reign era name Zhengtong (正統), the second, Tianshun (天順). He was captured by the Oirat Mongols in the battle of Tumu (土木) in 1449, and his younger brother Zhu Qiyu (朱祁鈺) was enthroned as the Jingtai Emperor (Jingtai Di 景泰帝). However, Zhu Qizhen reclaimed the throne by a palace coup in 1457, declaring the new era name Tianshun (天順). | 기진(祁鎭), 영종(英宗), 영종황제(英宗皇帝), 영황제(英皇帝), 정통(正統), 정통황제(正統皇帝) |
| Ming Yizong | 明毅宗 |
명의종 (밍이쭝) |
(1611-1644 CE; r. 1627-1644 CE). The last emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Personal name Zhu Youjian (朱由檢), reign era name Chongzhen (崇禎). After killing members of the imperial household, he hanged himself from a tree in 1644 when Beijing fell to Li Zicheng's (李自成) rebel force. | 렬(烈), 렬황제(烈皇帝), 소천역도강명각검규문분무돈인무효렬황제(紹天繹道剛明恪儉揆文奮武敦仁懋孝烈皇帝), 숭정(崇禎), 숭정황제(崇禎皇帝), 숭정황제묘(崇禎皇帝廟), 의종(毅宗), 의종렬황제(毅宗烈皇帝), 의종황제(毅宗皇帝), 명사종(明思宗) |
| Ming Yongle Di | 明永樂帝 |
명영락제 (밍융러디) |
See Ming Chengzu 明成祖. | 영락황제(永樂皇帝) |
| Ming Yongli Di | 明永曆帝 |
명영력제 (밍융리디) |
(1623-1661 CE; r. 1646-1661 CE). The last emperor of the Southern Ming (N南明) Dynasty. Personal name Zhu Youlang (朱由榔), reign era name Yongli (永曆). As a grandson of Emperor Shenzong (神宗), he was enthroned as the fourth emperor of the Southern Ming in 1646. He was executed by the Manchu army in 1661. | 영력(永曆) |
| Ming Yuzhen | 明玉珍 |
명옥진 (밍위전) |
Ming Yuzhen(明玉珍, 1331~1366) was a peasant who established the rebel Empire of Daxia(大夏) during the later period of the Yuan Dynasty. He was born into a peasant family, and in 1353 he joined the Red Turbans, a rebel group led by Xu Shouhui(徐壽輝). In 1360, Xu was killed by Chen Youliang(陳友諒), so he left the group and proclaimed himself King Longshu(隴蜀王). Two years later, he proclaimed himself Emperor of the Daxia Dynasty with the era name of Tiantong(天統). He died of illness at the age of 35 and was succeeded by his son Ming Sheng(明昇). The Daxia dynasty was destroyed by the Ming Empire. | 명옥진(明玉珍), 명왕(明王), 옥진(玉珍), 흠문소무황제명옥진(欽文昭武皇帝明玉珍) |
| Ming Zhao Wang | 明趙王 |
명조왕 (밍자오왕) |
(1383-1431 CE). Personal name Zhu Gaosui (朱高燧). The third son of Zhu Di (朱棣), the Yongle (永樂) Emperor. He was appointed Prince of Zhao (趙王) in 1404 but resided in Beijing by the emperor's order. | 고수(高燧) |
| Ming Zhen | 明貞 |
명정 (밍전) |
Refers to Ming Yuzhen 明玉珍; see Ming Yuzhen 明玉珍 | 명옥진(明玉珍) |
| Ming'an | 銘安 |
명안 (밍안) |
(1828-1911) An official of the Late Qing dynasty, who was sent to Joseon as an envoy in 1875. He was appointed General of Jilin(吉林將軍) in 1879. | 명안(銘安) |
| Mingdao Xiansheng [Cheng Hao] | 明道[程顥] |
명도 (밍다오셴성[청하오]) |
Refer to Cheng Hao(程顥) | 명도(明道), 백순(伯淳), 정호(程顥) |