Glossary of Proper Nouns
Chinese Personal Names
| Terms | Chinese | Korean | Explanation | Another Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zu Dashou | 祖大壽 |
조대수 (쭈다서우) |
(1579~1656). A native of Ningyuan 寧遠 and the father-in-law of Wu Sangui 吳三桂. Born to a prestigious family in Liaodong 遼東, his brothers were all officers in Liaodong. He defeated Nurhaci 努爾哈赤 at Ningyuan. In 1631 he built a bulwark in the Daling River 大凌河 valley. When Hungtaiji 皇太極 surrounded the bulwark, Zu stood for three months before he surrendered due to the lack of supplies. He escaped to Jinzhou and stood against the Manchus for another ten years. In 1641, when he was again surrounded by Hungtaiji's army, and his army was about to starve to death, he was forced to surrender once more. After the Manchus entered Beijing, the Manchu court gifted him a house in Beijing. He lived there for twelve years until his death. | 대수(大壽), 조대수(祖大壽), 조총병(祖摠兵) |
| Zu Ji | 祖己 |
조기 (쭈지) |
The eldest son of Wu Ding 武丁. He never succeeded to the throne as he was exiled for life in the twenty-fifth year of Wu Ding's reign. | 조이(Zu Yi 祖已), 효기(Xiao Ji 孝己) |
| Zu Jia | 祖甲 |
조갑 (쭈자) |
A king of the Shang dynasty. According to recent studies of oracle bone inscriptions, he reformed ancestral worship by decreasing sacrifices to mythical ancestors and natural deities in favor of more historical ancestors. | 제갑(Di Jia 帝甲) |
| Zu Ti | 祖逖 |
조적 (쭈티) |
(266-321). A military general of the Eastern Jin dynasty and native of Fanyang Commandery 范陽郡. He insisted on Emperor Yuan's 元帝 northern expedition without success. | 사치(Shi Zhi 士稚) |
| Zu Ting | 祖珽 |
조정 (쭈팅) |
An official of the Northern Qi 北齊 during the Northern and Southern Dynasties period and a native of Fanyang Commandery 范陽郡. He was highly reputed to be a man of literary and administrative ablity. Impressed by his talent, Gao Huan 高歡 took Zu Ting as his secretary on his staff. However, he was also known for being corrupted official who took many bribes. | 효징(Xiaozheng 孝徵) |
| Zu Xiaosun | 祖孝孫 |
조효손 (쭈샤오쑨) |
Zu Xiaosun(祖孝孫) was an official of the Sui and the Tang Dynasties. He had profound knowledge on rhythmics and mathematics. During the Kaihuang(開皇) era, he was appointed Xielülang(協律郞). After the founding of the Tang Dynasty, he was appointed to posts related with ritual ceremonies. | 조효손(祖孝孫) |
| Zu Yi | 祖乙 |
조이 (쭈이) |
The twelfth or thirteenth king of the Shang dynasty according to the oracle bone inscriptions unearthed from Anyang, and the Records of the Grand Scribe 史記 by Sima Qian, respectively. He moved the capital to Geng 耿 and then to Bi 庇. During his reign, the Shang became stronger thanks to the appointment of good officials such as Wu Xian 巫賢. | |
| Zuo Maodi | 左毛弟 |
좌모제 (쭤마오디) |
A misspelling of Zuo Maodi 左懋第 and jinshi of 1631. The Hongguang 弘光 emperor, the first emperor of the Southern Ming 南明, dispatched him to the Qing court for peace negotiations. The Manchus did not send him back to the Sothern Ming. He refused to surreder to the Manchus and eventually was executed. | 좌모제(左毛弟) |
| Zuo Qiuming | 左丘明 |
좌구명 (쭤추밍) |
(fl. 5th century BCE). A court scribe of the state of Lu 魯 in the Spring and Autumn period. He was the putative author of the Zuo Commentary 左傳. | 좌구(Zuo Qiu 左丘), 중도백(Zhong Du Bo 中都伯) |
| Zuo Renying | 左人郢 |
좌인영 (줘런잉) |
A diciple of Confucius and native of the state of Lu. | 남화후(Nanhuahou 南華侯), 자행(Zi Xing子行) |